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ObjectiveTo observe the effects of Aurantii Fructus Immaturus， Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma， and their combination on slow transit constipation via PTEN-induced putative kinase 1 （PINK1）/Parkin pathway-mediated mitophagy. MethodFifty-six male SD rats were randomly assigned into normal group， model group， natural recovery group， Aurantii Fructus Immaturus group， Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma group， Aurantii Fructus Immaturus combined with Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma group， and mosapride group， with 8 rats in each group. Slow transit constipation model was established by gavage with loperamide （3 mg·kg-1·d-1） for 14 days in other groups except the normal group. After successful modeling， except that the model group was continuously induced by loperamide， the normal group and the natural recovery group were administrated with 0.9% normal saline by gavage， and the rats in the Aurantii Fructus Immaturus （1.35 g·kg-1·d-1） group， the Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma （2.7 g·kg-1·d-1） group， the Aurantii Fructus Immaturus combined with Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma （4.05 g·kg-1·d-1） group， and the mosapride （1.56 mg·kg-1·d-1） group were administrated with corresponding drugs by gavage for 7 days. The amount of feces， fecal water content， and intestinal propulsion rate of rats were determined. The pathological changes of the colon were evaluated by hematoxylin-eosin （HE） staining and Alcian blue-periodic acid-Schiff （AB-PAS） staining. The activity of respiratory chain complex and the ultrastructure of the colon tissue were determined by ultraviolet spectrophotometry and observed by transmission electron microscopy， respectively. Real-time fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction（Real-time PCR） was employed to determine the mRNA levels of PINK1， Parkin， and p62， and Western blot to determine the protein levels of microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3 （LC3）， PINK1， and Parkin. ResultCompared with the normal group， the model group and the natural recovery group showed decreases in the amount of feces， fecal water content， intestinal propulsion rate （P<0.05，P<0.01）， and activities of mitochondrial respiratory chain complexes Ⅱ， Ⅲ， and Ⅳ in the colon tissue （P<0.05，P<0.01）. Further， the mRNA levels of PINK1 and Parkin and the protein levels of PINK1， Parkin， and LC3 were up-regulated （P<0.01） and the mRNA level of p62 was down-regulated in the model group （P<0.05） and the natural recovery group. Compared with the model group and the natural recovery group， the Aurantii Fructus Immaturus combined with Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma group showed increased amount of feces， fecal water content， intestinal propulsion rate， and activities of mitochondrial respiratory chain complexes Ⅱ， Ⅲ， and Ⅳ （P<0.05，P<0.01）. Moreover， the combination meliorated the degree of mitochondrial swelling in the colon tissue， down-regulated the mRNA levels of PINK1 and Parkin and the protein levels of PINK1， Parkin， and LC3 （P<0.05，P<0.01）， and up-regulated the mRNA level of p62 （P<0.05）. ConclusionAurantii Fructus Immaturus and Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma， and their combination may remedy the colonic motility disorders in rats with slow transit constipation by blocking PINK1/Parkin signaling pathway to inhibit the excessive mitophagy in interstitial cells of Cajal in the colon tissue.
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Objective:To investigate the status of women′s psychological security and quality of life in poverty-stricken areas, and analyze their interrelation and influencing factors.Methods:With the method of convenient sampling, 368 women from poor families who participated in the poverty alleviation vocational training course were investigated with self-designed questionnaire, Psychological Safety Scale (SQ) and World Health Organization Quality of Life-Brief (WHOQOL-BREF).Results:The average total score of women's psychological security in poverty-stricken families was 48.66 ± 12.75, which was in the middle level. Multivariate linear regression analysis showed that family income and religious beliefs had an impact on interpersonal security ( F value was 16.509, P<0.05); ethnicity and religious beliefs had an impact on the certainty of control ( F value was 17.546, p<0.05); religious beliefs had an impact on the total value of security ( F value was 20.911, P<0.05). The overall quality of life and health status scores of females from poor families (13.38±2.91) were significantly lower than the norm ( t value was -3.27, P<0.05). Multiple linear regression analysis showed that personal annual income and religious beliefs had an impact on physiological domain( F value was 2.694, P<0.05); marital status and religious beliefs had an impact on the psychological domain ( F value was 3.305, P<0.05); family annual income and religious beliefs had an impact on the environmental domain ( F value was 2.866, P<0.05) while they had no impact on the social domain. There was a significant positive correlation between psychological security and quality of life. Conclusions:There is a significant positive correlation between the level of psychological security and the quality of life of poor family women. Improving the quality of life of poverty-stricken family women can improve their psychological security.
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Objective To investigate the effect of Zishen Yutai Pills on follicle apoptosis and related protein expression in diminished ovarian reserve(DOR) rat model induced by tripterygium glycosides.Methods Forty rats were divided into the control group,model group,progynova group,and Zishen Yutai Pills high and low dose groups,8 cases in each group.Tripterygium Wilfordii Glycosides Tablets were given by gavage for establishing the rat DOR model.Then the HE staining was used to detect the pathological morphology of rat ovary.All levels of follicles were counted.Expression levels of Bcl-2 and Bax protein in follicle and ovarian stroma of each group were detected by using the immunohistochemical method.Results Compared to the control group,the number of great and small follicles in the model control group was decreased,number of atretic follicles was increased,Bcl-2 expression in all kinds of follicles was decreased,and Bax expression was increased,the differences were statistically significant(P＜0.05).Compared to the model group,the number of great and small follicles in the Zishen Yutai Pills high and low dose groups and progynova group was increased,number of atretic follicles was decreased,the Bcl-2 expression in great and small follicles was significantly increased and the Bax expression was significantly decreased,the differences were statistically significant(P＜0.05).Conclusion Zishen Yutai Pills can inhibit the premature and too fast follicles apoptosis by upregulating the expression of Bcl-2 protein and down-regulating the expression of Bax protein,thus plays the effect for treating DOR.
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Objective To investigate the effects of thymoquinone (TQ) on the levels of proteins involved in oxidative stress and cytokine in the brain of rats with type 2 diabetes mellitus.Methods Wistar rats (n=48) were randomly divided into 3 groups:normal control group,model group and TQ treatment group (n =16).The normal control group was fed with clean grade ordinary feed.The model group and TQ treatment group rats were fed with high-glucose and high-fat diet.After 6 weeks' feeding,model group and TQ treatment group rats were administered streptozocin (STZ) (35 mg/kg) to establish type 2 diabetic model by intraperitoneal injection.Then,the model group and TQ treatment group rats were fed with high-glucose and high-fat diet for another 6 weeks.After that,TQ treatment group rats were administered TQ (5 mg/kg) by intraperitoneal injection every other day.The model group rats were injected with an equal dose of ethanol.Six weeks later,all the rats were sacrificed to obtain the hippocampal tissue for the protein extract.The protein levels of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2),heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) and cyclo-oxygenase 2 (COX-2) in the hippocampal tissue were measured by Western blot.Superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity was determined by SOD kit.Blood-glucose meter was used to assess the blood glucose before the rats were sacrificed and after the model was successfully established.All the measurement data was described by the x ± s,measurement data were compared among groups using One Way ANOVA.Results The results by Western blots showed that the levels of the Nrf2 and HO-1 protein were significantly decreased in the model group compared with the normal control group,the levels of the Nrf2 and HO-1 proteins were increased in the TQ treatment group in comparison with the model group (P＜ 0.05).Meanwhile,compared with the normal control group,the SOD activity of the hippocampus in model group was significantly lower (P＜ 0.05);by contrast with the model group,the SOD activity in the TQ treatment group was considerably increased (P＜0.05).By contrast,the COX-2 level in the model group was substantially higher than that in the normal control (P＜0.05),and the COX-2 level in the TQ treatment group was lower than that in the model group (P＜0.05).Conclusions TQ might inhibit inflammation and improve oxidative stress of the brain tissue in the rats with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
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Objective To explore the effect of timeliness motivation theory-based continuing care on the self-care ability and healthy behavior in elderly patients with type 2 diabetes. Methods A total of 202 elderly patients with type 2 diabetes in our hospital were selected,and were randomly divided into observation group and control group according to the random number table, with 101 cases in each group. The control group were given healthy related education during hospitalization , and post-discharge telephone follow-up every month, lasting 10~15min each time.The observation group were additionally given timeliness motivation theory-based continuing care by telephone follow-up each month , including emotional arousal , need motivation , examples stimulating and benefit motivation, lasting 6 months. Their self-care ability and healthy behavior in the two groups were compared. Result The self-care ability in the observation group was significantly significantly better than that of the control group (P<0.001), and had significantly much more healthy behaviors than the latter (P < 0.001). Conclusion Timeliness motivation theory-based continuing care can improve the self-care ability and healthy behavior in elderly patients with type 2 diabetes.
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Objective To study the value of 4‐item examination of gastric function in the evaluation of disease severity and course of peptic ulcer .Methods The 4‐item examination of gastric function ,including PGⅠ ,PGⅡ ,PGⅠ /PGⅡ ,gastrin 17 and He‐licobacter pylori(Hp) positive rate ,were detected by adopting enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) in 175 cases of peptic ulcer(study group) and 60 persons undergoing physical examination(control group) .The Spearman correlation coefficient was used to analyze the relationship between the 4‐item gastric function examination with the severity and course of peptic ulcer .Results The levels of PGⅠ ,PGⅡ ,gastrin 17 and Hp positive rate in the study group were significantly higher than those in the control group(P<0 .05) ,while PGⅠ /PGⅡwas significantly lower than that in the control group(P<0 .05) .The values of PG Ⅰ /PGⅡfrom high to low were in turn the scarring stage group ,healing stage group and active stage group ,other indexes from high to low were in turn active stage group ,healing stage group and scarring stage group .The levels of PGⅠ ,PGⅡand gastrin 17 and Hp posi‐tive rate in the patients with disease course ≥3 years were significantly higher than those in the patients with disease course<3 years(P<0 .05) .The severity and disease course in the patients with peptic ulcer were positively correlated with the levels of PGⅠ ,PGⅡ ,gastrin 17 and Hp positive rate(P<0 .05) and negatively correlated with PG Ⅰ /PGⅡ(P<0 .05) .Conclusion In the pa‐tients with peptic ulcer ,4‐item gastric function examination is closely correlated with the severity and course of illness ,which can serve as the index for evaluate the severity and course of disease ,thus increases the clinical treatment pertinence ,reduces the occur‐rence of antibacterial drugs abuse ,and is worthy of being promoted and applied in clinic .
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<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the association of methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) gene C677T mutation and plasma homocysteine (Hcy) levels with hyperlipidemia.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Blood samples were collected from 1591 adults for detecting MTHFR gene C677T polymorphism with polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP), plasma Hcy levels with enzymatic cycling method, and blood lipid levels as well. The patients were divided according to the lipid levels into hyperlipidemia group (n=694) and healthy control group (n=897) and the differences in MTHFR gene C677T polymorphisms and plasma Hcy levels were compared.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The hyperlipidemia group and healthy control group showed no significant differences in CC, CT, or TT genotype frequencies or C and T allele frequencies of MTHFR C677T gene, and had comparable plasma Hcy levels (P>0.05). Patients with 3 different MTHFR C677T genotypes had significant differences in plasma Hcy levels (P<0.01) but not in blood lipid levels (P>0.05). Pairwise comparison indicated a significantly higher plasma Hcy level in TT genotype than in CC and CT genotypes (P<0.01), and the latter two genotypes showed no significant difference (P>0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>MTHFR C677T polymorphisms and plasma Hcy levels are closely related but neither of them is associated with hyperlipidemia. The TT genotype is associated with a significantly higher plasma Hcy level than CC and CT genotypes.</p>
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Adult , Humans , Gene Frequency , Genotype , Homocysteine , Blood , Hyperlipidemias , Blood , Genetics , Methylenetetrahydrofolate Reductase (NADPH2) , Genetics , Mutation , Polymerase Chain Reaction , Polymorphism, Genetic , Polymorphism, Restriction Fragment LengthABSTRACT
Objective To study the expressions of Chemerin in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and HCC cell lines,and to demonstrate the relationship between the expressions and prognosis.Methods The expressions of Chemerin protein in normal hepatocellular tissues,HCC and their paired tissues were detected by immunohistochemical staining of SABC; the expressions of Chemerin protein in HCC,cell lines and immortalized hepatocyte cell lines were detected by RT-PCR.Results The positive expression rates of Chemerin were 56.67％,90.00％,100％ in HCC,HCC cell line and normal hepatocellular tissues respectively,and the differences were significant (P＜0.05).The expressions of Chemerin mRNA in HCC paired tissues were higher than in HCC (P＜0.05).There was a higher expression of Chemerin mRNA in immortalized hepatocyte cell line LO2 ; but a lower expression in HCC cell lines.The expressions of Chemerin were related to lymph node metastasis,portal vein tumour thrombi,differentiation and TNM stage but not related to sex,age,tumour size,HBsAg and AFP.Conclusions Down-regulated expression of Chemerin may play an important role in the development,progression and metastasis of HCC.It may be a molecular marker for prognosis of HCC.
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OBJECTIVE@#To study the expression of CD137L in laryngeal carcinoma, and to analyze its clinicopathological significance.@*METHOD@#The expression of CD137L in 50 laryngeal carcinoma specimens and 9 normal laryngeal mucous tissues were detected by immunohistochemical staining.@*RESULT@#The positive CD137L staining were found in all 50 cases of laryngeal carcinomas (100%), while its staining were negative in normal laryngeal mucous. There was significant difference between two groups (P < 0.01). The positive ratio of CD137L staining had no relationship with the factors such as age, sex and tumor site, while it had significant correlation with the pathological stage, T stage and lymph node metastasis.@*CONCLUSION@#The expression of CD137L might play an important role in the development of laryngeal carcinomas.
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Adult , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , 4-1BB Ligand , Metabolism , Carcinoma, Squamous Cell , Metabolism , Pathology , Laryngeal Neoplasms , Metabolism , Pathology , Neoplasm Staging , PrognosisABSTRACT
Objective:To study the expression of CD137L in laryngeal carcinoma, and to analyze its clinicopathological significance.Method:The expression of CD137L in 50 laryngeal carcinoma specimens and 9 normal laryngeal mucous tissues were detected by immunohistochemical staining.Result:The positive CD137L staining were found in all 50 cases of laryngeal carcinomas (100%), while its staining were negative in normal laryngeal mucous. There was significant difference between two groups(P<0.01). The positive ratio of CD137L staining had no relationship with the factors such as age, sex and tumor site, while it had significant correlation with the pathological stage,T stage and lymph node metastasis.Conclusion:The expression of CD137L might play an important role in the development of laryngeal carcinomas.
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Objective To investigate the level of homocysteinemia in type 2 diabetes mellitus with neuropathy,and observe the effect of medical intervention of hyperhomocysteinemia on diabetic neuropathy.Methods 200 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus plus neuropathy and 200 control were collected.Patients with diabetic neuropathy plus hyperhomocysteinemia were divided into two groups:medical intervention group(15mg/d folic acid,20mg/d vitamin B6)and control group.The level of homocysteinemia in plasma was measured,and neuropathy score was evaluated by clinical and electrobiological methods before and three months after treatment.Results The morbidity of hyper-homocysteinemia in type 2 diabetes mellitus with neuropathy was 40%,and the levels of homocysteinemia was higher in treatment group than in control(P<0.05).Compared with the control,the levels of homocysteinemia in group of medical intervention was lower(P<0.01),and neuropathy score and nerve conductive velocity showed an obviously improvement after 3-month-treatment(P<0.05).Conclusions Hyperhomocysteinemia is an independent risk factor for diabetic neuropathy in humans.Efficiently intervening the levels of homocysteinemia could improve the electrobiological activity and neuropathy score.
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OBJECTIVE@#To investigate the expression of STAT3 and P-STAT3 and the relationship between P-STAT3 and various clinical pathological characteristics in human laryngeal carcinoma.@*METHOD@#The expression of STAT3 and its activated form P-STAT3 in tumor tissues from 50 radically resected specimens of laryngeal carcinoma and 10 normal laryngeal tissues was detected by immunohistochemical staining.@*RESULT@#The rate of protein expression of STAT3 and P-STAT3 in laryngeal carcinoma were 36/50 (72.0%) and 29/50 (58.0%) respectively, which were significantly higher than that in normal group (P < 0.01). The positive rate of P-STAT3 was closely related to the clinical stage and lymph node metastasis (P < 0.05). The expression STAT3 in laryngeal carcinoma was located in the cytoplasm of carcinoma cells, while P-STAT3 was located in the cell nucleus.@*CONCLUSION@#STAT3 and PSTAT3 were overexpressed in human laryngeal carcinoma. Activation of STAT3 was significantly related to the clinical stage and lymph node metastasis. The expression of STAT3 can be used as a significant parameter in predicting the biological behaviour of laryngeal carcinoma.
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Adult , Aged , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Carcinoma, Squamous Cell , Metabolism , Pathology , Laryngeal Neoplasms , Metabolism , Pathology , Neoplasm Staging , STAT3 Transcription Factor , MetabolismABSTRACT
A series of researches concerning the relationship between multidrug transporters and drug resistance in medically intractable epilepsy have been done. There is accumulating evidence demonstrating that P-glycoprotein (PGP) is a candidate to cause AEDs resistance. The effect of PGP inhibitor-verapamil on the intracellular AEDs accumulation in a MDR(multidrug resistant) K562 was investigated. The multidrug resistant (overexpression of PGP) cell line K562/Dox was established and the intracellular PHT and CBZ accumulation in multidrug resistant cell line and non- multidrug resistant cell line was observed. After PGP inhibitor-verapamil was applied to the two cell lines, the concentration change of PHT and CBZ in MDR cell was observed. The results were found: compared with non-MDR cell line K562, which IC50 was significantly increased in MDR cell line K562/Dox after PHT and CBZ was applied; verapamil could decrease significantly the level of IC50 in MDR cell line K562/Dox, and the reversal index were 2.5 and 1.5. The concentration of PHT and CBZ in MDR cell line K562/Dox was lower than that in non-MDR cell line K562, and verapamil significantly increased the concentration of PHT and CBZ in MDR cell line K562/Dox(P
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Objective To study the effect of P-glycoprotein (PGP) in regulation of penetration of carbamazepine and phenytoin through blood-brain barrier, as to indicating the entry of epileptic drugs into the brain restricted by PGP and deducing the multidrug resistance mechanisms of refractory epilepsy. Methods The microdialysis probe was placed into the cortex of rats, and after systemic injection of carbamazepine and phenytoin, dialysate was collected and the antiepiletic drug concentration in the extracellular fluid of the cerebral cortex was determined by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Then observing whether the concentration of drugs in extracellular fluid can be enhanced by PGP’s inhibitor verapamil. Results Verapamil significantly enhanced the concentration of carbamazepine in extracellular fluid of the cerebral cortex during 60—90 minutes after injection ((1.74?0.28)?g/ml in 60 minutes and (1.87?0.31)?g/ml in 90 minutes,P
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Objective To investigate the effect of U0126 on brain edema and the expression of aquaporin 4 (AQP4) in rat brains after cerebral ischemic injury.Methods Totally 48 healthy male SD rats were divided randomly into ischemia group, treatment group and normal group.Rats in ischemia group and treatment group underwent middle cerebral artery occlusion by using an intraluminal thread method.Thirty minutes before operation, the rats in treatment group were injected into lateral cerebral ventricle with U0126, while rats in ischemia group accepted normal saline.24 hours after operation, the water content and Evans Blue in rat brains were determined as to exploring the degree of brain edema.Immunohistochemistry,Western blot and RT-PCR technique were applied to detect AQP4, p-ERK1/2 and p-ELK1.Results Compared with normal group, the water content and AQP4 expression in ischemia group were increased obviously.The water content and AQP4 expression in treatment group (protein:149.0?1.1,mRNA:0.328?0.010) were lower than those in ischemia group (protein:153.6?0.8,mRNA:0.400?0.015,P
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Objective To investgate the role of aquaporin-4(AQP4) in secondary cerebral edema after ischemia/reperfusion injury in rats.Methods When the models of reversible middle cerebral artery occlusion were established, the alterations of cerebral edema and BBB were evaluated by measuring water and Eval's Blue (EB) contents of cerebral tissue, and the expression of AQP4 in brain was observed by Western Blot at different time point after reperfusion. At last, the correlation between expression of AQP4 and water and EB contents of cerebral tissue were analysed.Results There were found that water and EB contents of cerebral tissue in rat models significantly higher than those of control group at different time point after ischemia/reperfusion ( P